“Fighting soldiers from the sky, Fearless men who jump and die…” These are the words of the “Ballad of the Green Beret,” written and originally performed by Staff Sergeant Barry Sadler, and they capture the essence of what being a Special Forces soldier is all about. Their official motto, “De Oppresso Liber,” Latin for “to liberate the oppressed,” is their primary goal in all things they do. Although the term “Green Beret” is what the public may know them as, they prefer the term “Special Forces,” and refer to themselves as such.
Origins of the U.S. Army Special Forces
It all began in 1947, when President Truman signed the National Security Act into law, which authorized the creation of the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The latter had a mandate to collect and analyze foreign intelligence, and provide briefings for the president and his advisors.
Over time, as the CIA started to get involved in military operations abroad, it became necessary to have a military unit dedicated to carrying out these operations, which culminated in the creation of the Army’s 10th Special Forces Group in 1952. Prior to this, the United States and Great Britain used Special Forces troops quite frequently in WWII – the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and the British Special Air Service (SAS) were responsible for numerous covert military actions in the course of the war, but 1952 would be the first official Special Forces unit attached to the military, not a particular intelligence agency.
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